Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is the modern engineering solution to modelling flows of liquids and gasses across solid surfaces and through/around 3D structures. Its accuracy as a mathematical model is enabled by ever-higher computational capacity and speed and it has a lot of applications. For example, in Formula-1 aerodynamics, it has made most wind-tunnel testing redundant. The goal of a CFD calculation is to predict the highly detailed flow field in some region of interest. The flow field is not just the motion of a fluid: a liquid or a gas or even a collection of small particles. CFD can also predict the distribution of temperature and airflow.
Data centers are facilities that house computer servers, data storage systems, and telecommunications equipment. To ensure that these computer systems operate reliably, they must be adequately cooled: The airflow requirement of each server rack must be met, in order to maintain the rack inlet air temperatures within acceptable range.
Often data center design firm use empirical guidelines based on limited information. These guidelines or methodology of sizing and designing the HVAC system does not consider the air-flow behaviour and various obstruction that result in change in airflow behaviour. Inadequate airflow leads to insufficient cooling to the equipment resulting in overheating and thermal shutdown. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling or airflow modelling offers a more scientific and comprehensive design approach for Data Center cooling design.
State-of-the-art cooling centers use different types of systems (air or liquid cooled) and designs (raised floor or hot/cold aisles). One of the major concerns in designing an efficient air conditioning system is to eliminate possible “hot-spots” (regions of high temperature) in the room. CFD analysis can play an integral role in determining these hot-spots. In addition, it also provides a detailed analysis of the heat dissipation rate and flow patterns in the room. It can also provide insight into vent placement (both inlet and outlet), flow rate and temperature required of the cooling fluid and other design constraints for these systems.
This simulation software can be used for predictive modelling, what-if scenarios and capacity planning. It provides valuable information about the current state of your data center, as well as predictions about its potential future state based upon proposed changes so you can make decisions that eliminate negative impact on availability, capacity or efficiency.
ENERGENIQ has design consultants with 14 years of experience that are pioneers in Fluid Dynamic Analysis in Data Center industry of Pakistan.